ARRT formula toolkit

The 4 formula toolkits that show up on the ARRT Radiography Boards.

Every formula tested on the ARRT Radiography exam, organized by clinical domain. Each toolkit contains worked examples, intuition-first explanations, and practice problems inside the app.

4toolkits
14formula sets
50+worked examples

The 14 toolkits

Click any toolkit to see the worked examples (free trial required). Toolkits are sorted by clinical workflow, patient safety first, exposure control next, then image quality, then equipment.

Patient Safety

Quantifying radiation to manage risk and ensure patient safety

2 formulas
  • The Language of Dose
  • Controlling Beam Intensity

Exposure Control

Manipulating technique for optimal exposure

6 formulas
  • The 15% Rule
  • Part Size and Thickness Rules
  • Inverse Square Law (Intensity)
  • Direct Square Law (Density Maintenance)
  • Grid Conversion Factors (GCF)
  • Relative Speed Systems (RS)

Image Geometry

Shaping the beam for maximum sharpness

2 formulas
  • Geometric Unsharpness (Penumbra)
  • Magnification Factor (MF)

Image Capture

Understanding the physics of the final image

4 formulas
  • Digital Resolution
  • Circuitry and Transformer Physics
  • Heat Units and Grid Ratio
  • Fluoroscopy and CT

Get the worked examples + practice problems.

The actual formulas, intuition-first explanations, and 50+ practice problems are inside the app. Free tier includes the Patient Safety toolkit complete.

Common questions about ARRT formulas

Do I need to memorize formulas for the ARRT Radiography Boards?

Yes. The ARRT Radiography exam regularly tests calculations including the inverse square law, the 15% rule (kVp/mAs density relationship), density maintenance formula, grid Bucky factor, and unit conversions (rad to gray, rem to sievert). Most are simple algebra once you know which formula applies. Memorization plus 50–80 worked problems is enough to pass this content area.

What are the most-tested ARRT Radiography formulas?

The 15% kVp/mAs rule, the inverse square law (intensity ∝ 1/distance²), the density maintenance formula (mAs₂ = mAs₁ × (D₂² / D₁²)), the Bucky factor (mAs multiplier when adding a grid), Half-Value Layer calculations, and dose unit conversions (1 Gy = 100 rad, 1 Sv = 100 rem). The full toolkit covers 14 formula families across patient safety, exposure control, image quality, and equipment QA.

Are these formulas the same as in the Lange Q&A and Mosby books?

Yes. The formulas in our toolkits are the standard ARRT-tested formulas you find in Bushong's Radiologic Science for Technologists, Lange Q&A: Radiography Examination, and Mosby's Comprehensive Review of Radiography. We keep the math identical, the difference is the worked examples and the way each formula is taught with intuition first, then the formula.

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