PA Axial Intercondylar Fossa Standing Holmblad

Lower Extremity positioning

PA Axial Intercondylar Fossa Standing Holmblad is a radiography positioning projection of the Lower Extremity. Standing facing IR, knee flexed ~70 degrees, CR perpendicular to lower leg. SID 40". The centering point is located intercondylar notch with patient standing and knee flexed ~70 degrees.. The central ray is perpendicular to the lower leg (no tube angle; the flexed-knee position provides the axial projection).. Image-quality criteria include intercondylar eminence clearly visualized in axial projection., intercondylar notch and fossa open and clearly defined.. Standard exposure ranges from 65 to 75 kVp, 5 to 10 mAs, at an SID of 40 inches (102 cm).

Anatomy demonstrated

  • Intercondylar eminence of tibia.
  • Intercondylar fossa and notch.
  • Femoral condyles in profile.
  • Tibial plateau in axial projection.
  • Anterior and posterior tibial spines.
  • Fibular head in relation to tibia.

Patient preparation

  • Verify patient identity using two identifiers.
  • Remove shoes and any radiopaque items from the leg.
  • Position patient standing facing IR with affected knee forward.
  • Flex knee 65 degrees and rest on IR or stepping stool.
  • Ensure equal weight distribution on both feet.

Position & centering point

Intercondylar notch with patient standing and knee flexed ~70 degrees.

Central ray

Perpendicular to the lower leg (no tube angle; the flexed-knee position provides the axial projection).

Exposure / technique

kVp
65–75
mAs
5–10
SID
40" (102 cm)
Notes
Standing weight-bearing Holmblad method requires precise knee flexion angle.

Image-quality criteria

  • Intercondylar eminence clearly visualized in axial projection.
  • Intercondylar notch and fossa open and clearly defined.
  • Both femoral condyles visible in profile relationship.
  • Tibial plateau included showing intercondylar area.
  • Anterior and posterior tibial spines differentiated.
  • Collimation 1 inch on sides, 1.5 inches proximal and distal.

Common errors / ARRT traps

  1. 1 Insufficient knee flexion (less than 65 degrees) opens joint too wide.
  2. 2 Excessive knee flexion obscures intercondylar notch visualization.
  3. 3 CR angle not perpendicular to lower leg distorts anatomy.
  4. 4 Lateral or medial rotation of leg distorts intercondylar view.

Clinical indications

  • Intercondylar eminence fracture evaluation.
  • Anterior or posterior cruciate ligament origin assessment.
  • Osteochondritis dissecans of the intercondylar fossa.
  • Weight-bearing intercondylar pathology evaluation.

Aligned to the 2025 ARRT Content Specifications.

Practice this projection live.

The interactive positioning viewer in the app lets you rotate the patient, see the centering point in 3D, and study the central ray angle. Start free.

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