Thumb PA Oblique

Upper Extremity positioning

Thumb PA Oblique is a radiography positioning projection of the Upper Extremity. Seated, hand pronated, thumb obliqued 45 degrees. SID 40". The centering point is located mcp joint, 1 inch on ulnar side of ir.. The central ray is perpendicular to the mcp joint.. Image-quality criteria include thumb shown in 45-degree oblique with minimal overlap of digits., both thumb phalanges (proximal and distal) and the metacarpal included.. Standard exposure ranges from 55 to 65 kVp, 2 to 3 mAs, at an SID of 40 inches (102 cm).

Anatomy demonstrated

  • Distal and proximal phalanges (the thumb has only two).
  • First metacarpal.
  • DIP, PIP, and MCP articulations.
  • CMC joint region.

Patient preparation

  • Verify patient identity using two identifiers.
  • Remove rings, bracelets, and radiopaque items from the hand.
  • Seat the patient at the end of the table.
  • Extend the arm with hand pronated (palm down).
  • Abduct the thumb to place distal aspect at 45-degree angle.

Position & centering point

MCP joint, 1 inch on ulnar side of IR.

Central ray

Perpendicular to the MCP joint.

Exposure / technique

kVp
55–65
mAs
2–3
SID
40" (102 cm)
Notes
Tabletop technique. Palm facing down (pronated hand).

Image-quality criteria

  • Thumb shown in 45-degree oblique with minimal overlap of digits.
  • Both thumb phalanges (proximal and distal) and the metacarpal included.
  • Joint spaces open and clearly visible.
  • Bone trabeculae and soft tissue sharp, no motion blur.
  • Collimation: 1 inch on all sides, 1 inch proximal to CMC joint.

Common errors / ARRT traps

  1. 1 Angle of thumb less than 45 degrees rotates it off-axis.
  2. 2 Supinated hand negates the oblique positioning.
  3. 3 CR off-centered clips phalanges or metacarpal.
  4. 4 Excessive flexion foreshortens the thumb.

Clinical indications

  • Thumb trauma when AP projection cannot be obtained.
  • Suspected thumb joint arthrosis or degenerative disease.
  • Evaluation of thumb soft tissue injury or swelling.
  • Post-operative follow-up with hardware assessment.

Aligned to the 2025 ARRT Content Specifications.

Practice this projection live.

The interactive positioning viewer in the app lets you rotate the patient, see the centering point in 3D, and study the central ray angle. Start free.

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