Wrist PA in Ulnar Deviation

Upper Extremity positioning

Wrist PA in Ulnar Deviation is a radiography positioning projection of the Upper Extremity. Seated, forearm extended on IR, hand deviated toward ulnar side. SID 40". The centering point is located at the scaphoid, with the hand deviated toward the ulnar side.. The central ray is perpendicular to ir, centered to the scaphoid.. Image-quality criteria include carpal bones visible without superimposition, including scaphoid and pisiform., first through fifth metacarpal bases included.. Standard exposure ranges from 60 to 70 kVp, 2 to 4 mAs, at an SID of 40 inches (102 cm).

Anatomy demonstrated

  • Scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum clearly visible.
  • Pisiform without foreshortening.
  • Capitate, hamate, and trapezoid.
  • Trapezium and metacarpal bases.
  • Distal third of radius and ulna.
  • Radiocarpal and midcarpal joints open.

Patient preparation

  • Verify patient identity using two identifiers.
  • Remove watches, bracelets, and radiopaque items from the arm.
  • Seat the patient at the end of the table.
  • Extend the forearm on the IR with palm up.
  • Deviate the hand toward the ulnar side until a comfortable maximum is achieved.

Position & centering point

At the scaphoid, with the hand deviated toward the ulnar side.

Central ray

Perpendicular to IR, centered to the scaphoid.

Exposure / technique

kVp
60–70
mAs
2–4
SID
40" (102 cm)
Notes
Tabletop technique. No grid required.

Image-quality criteria

  • Carpal bones visible without superimposition, including scaphoid and pisiform.
  • First through fifth metacarpal bases included.
  • Distal radius and ulna both visible without overlap.
  • Radial and ulnar borders of the wrist clear and distinct.
  • Bone trabeculae sharp, no motion blur.
  • Collimation: 2.5 inches distal and proximal to the wrist joint.

Common errors / ARRT traps

  1. 1 Insufficient ulnar deviation leaves the scaphoid foreshortened.
  2. 2 Radial deviation superimposes the carpals and obscures detail.
  3. 3 Off-center CR clips the distal metacarpals or distal forearm.
  4. 4 Pronation or supination changes the wrist angle.
  5. 5 Motion blur from patient movement during the exposure.

Clinical indications

  • Suspected scaphoid fracture or avascular necrosis.
  • Carpal bone fracture evaluation.
  • Wrist pain or injury assessment.
  • Post-operative follow-up of wrist hardware.

Aligned to the 2025 ARRT Content Specifications.

Practice this projection live.

The interactive positioning viewer in the app lets you rotate the patient, see the centering point in 3D, and study the central ray angle. Start free.

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